Which of the following actions is considered adverse according to the FCRA?

In the context of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), an adverse action typically refers to a decision made by a user of a consumer report that negatively affects the consumer. This may include actions like denying credit, increasing rates, or requiring additional conditions based on information in a consumer report.

In this case, when Ace Insurance requires payment of a larger premium due to credit history, it is considered an adverse action because it is a direct negative impact on Sam's financial situation stemming from the information in her credit report. A larger premium can be seen as a denial of favorable terms that other consumers might receive, thereby placing a financial burden specifically due to her credit history.

On the other hand, the other scenarios presented do not reflect adverse actions, as they result in positive outcomes for the individuals involved. Being offered a management position or having a lender renew a credit line are beneficial actions that do not harm the individuals' credit statuses or financial well-being. Therefore, the scenario involving the increased insurance premium is the one that aligns with the definition of an adverse action under the FCRA.